The Internet in China
The unprecedented computer-network boom in the Chinese National Republic has closely put the Chinese authorities before a problem of protection of the national and state interests. The wide community of Internet users in China, directly fastened with all world, gives not only advantages to the Chinese trading companies, manufacturers, brokers, financiers and scientists on an exit on the world economic and information markets, but also conceals in itself weight of the threats connected with information leakage, the capital, an unfair competition, the international gamble, and also with penetration of the forbidden materials (a pornography and oppositional ideology) in the country. The networks intending before only for scientific exchanges, receive wide application in commerce and an everyday life of citizens. And the Chinese authorities lawfully assume that these networks can be used internal opposition for propagation of "blasting" ideas in weights.
In China, as well as in other countries of the world, constantly strengthen safety of the Internet, because through the Internet serious transactions are carried out, papers (registration of the Chinese visas) and many other things are made. Struggle against hackers is conducted continuously, after all it costs nothing to them to get into any confidential zone or to forge, for example, china visa application.
Authoritarianism of the Peoples Republic of China in control questions over mass media is quite clear to many Chineses, even that who concerns a present political management completely not loyally. Many foreign researchers notice that the full freedom of speech in absolutely special, specific Chinese conditions not only is impossible from the point of view of national safety, but also is fraught with rather serious consequences for safety international. Accordingly - with reference to the Internet - the Chinese authorities are afraid "to let out the genie from a bottle".
However the desire of China - to be if not ahead, then not behind a planet of all at the front an information technology. As the last are connected with new possibilities for stably developing Chinese economy and getting stronger positions of the Chinese business in the international currency-financial and trading markets. The Chinese authorities have been put before a dilemma:" To release "the Internet, having ignored possible threats to the state interests, or" to clamp in a vice ", missing many benefits of use of the Network in economic targets. As a result of debate short and not advertised widely Chineses have solved, as well as in many other cases, to approach to a problem in a complex. The approach of China to questions of protection of the state interests in the Network can be characterised figuratively as" the carried total control ".
The fears concerning" human factor "on the Internet, resolve the authorities at the expense of this human factor. Realising that it will be impossible to trace"offences"of several millions (and can, and tens millions) users, the authorities have redistributed control and account functions between communication statements and administering bodies. At the centralised level blocking of wide access to sites of the pornographic maintenance and to some news sites, such, for example, as "Rejter" or "New York Times" has been undertaken only. The special filters, which providers of Internet-services are obliged to establish at own expense, block also access to foreign resources of the political maintenance, using such keywords as "Taiwan", "dissident", "Tibet", etc.
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